BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS - 1. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE + LATIHAN SOAL

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THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (Subject + verb-1 + s/es/0) adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan :

1. SUATU AKTIVITAS YANG TERJADI SEPANJANG WAKTU ATAU KEBIASAAN. INI TERJADI SETIAP HARI/MINGGU/BULAN/TAHUN, DAN LAIN-LAIN.

Contoh : 

• Ali and I are classmates (Ali dan aku adalah teman sekelas). 
• I learn English everyday (Saya belajar bahasa Inggris setiap hari).
• James goes to school by car (James sekolah naik mobil).
• Rose always comes on time (Rose selalu datang tepat waktu).
• The festival is held every year (Festival diadakan setiap tahun).
• The students speak on Wednesdays (Para siswa berbicara bahasa Inggris setiap hari Rabu). 
• We often meet each other (Kita sering ketemu satu sama lain).

2. SESUATU YANG BENAR SECARA UMUM

Contoh : 

• Bruce Lee and Jet Lee are Chinese film stars (Bruce Lee dan Jet Lee adalah bintang film dari Cina).
• Audi is a singer (Audi adalah seorang penyanyi).
• I am a driver (Saya adalah seorang sopir).
• I am Javanese (Saya adalah orang Jawa).
• Ice is cold (Es itu adalah dingin).
• Jimmy is a hard worker (Jimmy adalah seorang pekerja keras).
• Smoking damages your lungs (Merokok merusak paru-paru).
• The Sun rises in the east (Matahari terbit di timur). 
• You are a nurse (Anda adalah seorang perawat).

NOTE : Kata kerja: is, am, are sering diterjemahkan adalah, atau bahkan tidak diterjemahkan.

3. JADWAL ATAU RENCANA

Contoh : 

• Festival on Javanese Culture starts tomorrow (Festival mengenai Budaya Jawa mulai besuk).
• The train arrives at 5:30 a.m (Kereta Api tiba pukul 5:30 pagi).
• The bank opens at 8:30 and closes at 4:00 (Bank buka pukul 8:30 dan tutup pukul 4:00).

4. PENJELASAN ATAU DEFINISI

Contoh : 

• A manager manages in a company (Seorang manajer mengelola perusahaan). He manages and controls the workers (Dia mengelola dan mengawasi para pekerja). He gives rewars and punishment too (Dia memberi hadiah dan hukuman juga).
• Teacher teaches in schools (Guru mengajar di sekolah). He or she explains and gives homework and corrects students’ worksheet (Dia menjelaskan dan memberi pekerjaan rumah dan mengoreksi lembar pekerjaan siswa).

NOTE : Adjunct (Keterangan) dapat ditempatkan di awal atau di akhir dari kalimat, misalnya : I go to school everyday => Everyday I go to school.

TANDA WAKTU (TIME MARKERS) YANG BIASANYA DIGUNAKAN :

• always (selalu) 
• every day (setiap tahun)
• every month (setiap bulan)
• every month (setiap bulan)
• every week (setiap minggu)
• every week (setiap minggu)
• every year (setiap tahun)
• everyday (setiap hari)
• never (tidak pernah)
• often (sering) 
• on Sundays (setiap hari Minggu),
• rarely (jarang)
• seldom (jarang)
• sometimes (kadang-kadang)
• usually (biasanya) 

Inilah bentuk daripada the Simple Present Tense of "To Be" :

Subject + Be (is, am, are) + Complement [Pelengkap]

• I (Saya) am ………………………………………
• We/You/They are ………………………………………
• He/She/It is ………………………………………

1. Kita menggunakan am dengan I. 
2. Kita menggunakan are dengan we, you, they, dan semua subyek jamak. 
3. Kita menggunakan is dengan he, she, it, dan semua subyek tunggal orang ketiga. 

Contoh :

• I am Indonesian (Saya orang Indonesia).
• You are a student (Kamu/Anda) pelajar/siswa/mahasiswa).
• She is diligent (Dia rajin).
• He is not a TV presenter (Dia bukan pembawa acara di TV).
• Samsul is 17 years (Samsul berumur tujuh belas tahun).
• They are film stars (Mereka bintang-bintang film).
• We are happy (Kami/Kita bahagia).
• Ice is cold (Es dingin). 
• It is Sunday (Ini/Hari ini Minggu).

Inilah bentuk daripada the Simple Present Tense of “ Read,Learn, Stop, Speak , Go “, etc:

Subject Present Tense or Verb-1 ± [s/es/tanpa s]

I/We/You/They read learn stop speak go
He/She/It  reads learns stops speaks goes

• Kita menggunakan read, learn, stop, speak dan go dengan I, we, you, they. 
• Kita menggunakan reads, learns, stops, speaks dan goes dengan he, she, it, dan semua subyek tunggal orang ketiga. 

Contoh :

• The students speak English on Wednesdays (Para siswa berbicara bahasa Inggris setiap Rabu).
• They learn Mathematics everyday (Mereka belajar Matematika setiap hari).
• I finish my job (Saya menyelesaikan pekerjaan saya).
• The bus stops at the bus stop (Bis berhenti di pemberhentian bis).
• The Earth revolves around the Sun (Bumi berputar mengelilingi Matahari).
• The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west (Matahari terbit di timur tenggelam di barat).
• Smoking damages your lungs (Merokok merusak paru-paru anda).
• That this food contains poison surprises all of us (Bahwa makanan ini mengandung racun mengejutkan kita semua).
• To love her brings her to Europe (Mencintai dia membawanya ke Eropa).

ATURAN EJAAN BAHASA INGGRIS (RULES OF THE ENGLISH SPELLING) 

1. Ketika kata kerja berakhiran dengan: ch, sh, ss and x, o tambahkan) es pada kata kerja dasar, misalnya :

• watch => watches
• finish => finishes
• pass => passes
• fix => fixes
• go => goes

2. Ketika kata kerja berakhiran dengan y setelah bunyi mati, y diubah ke dalam ie. Kemudian s ditambahkan pada pada kata kerja dasar, misalnya :

• carry => carries
• study => studies
• cry => cries

3. Ketika kata kerja berakhiran dengan y setelah huruf / bunyi hidup, y tidak berubah. Kemudian s ditambahkan pada pada kata kerja dasar, misalnya :

• play => plays
• buy => buys

LATIHAN SOAL THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE 

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1. Put is, am, are, was, were into the correct sentence in The Simple Present Tense (Letakkan, am, are, was, were ke dalam kalimat yang benar dalam Simple Present Tense).  

1. Anne ...................... from China.
2. English ...................... very important.
3. Gong Lee …........… Chinese.
4. He …................Mr. Richard Steele.
5. How..................you?
6. I…............in the staffroom.
7. It …........…. hot here. 
8. Pamella and Johnson …...........… Australians.
9. Patrik…................a new student in the University of California.
10. She is ……...........…absent again.
11. Sheilla….................a teacher of English then.
12. The cars …...........from Japan.
13. The door…..............open.
14. The windows….................….shut.
15. This....................what I want.
16. Those students ….....................absent yesterday.
17. Today…...............Wednesday.
18. We……................…students.
19. What.....................you?
20. What...................….he?
21. When ....................you born?
22. Where................the position of Indonesia?
23. Who ……...…you? 
24. Why..................India and China so important?
25. You and I …................. friends. 

2. Fill in the blanks with a suitable verb in The Simple Present Tense (Isilah titik-titik dengan kata kerja dalam Simple Present Tense yang sesuai). 

1. Anna ……………(take) a shower twice a day.
2. Dianna always ……………(wear) nice clothes.
3. Emely ……………..(wear) uniforms at work everyday.
4. He never…………….(smoke) cigarettes.
5. I …………….(drink) three glasses of coffee a day.
6. Leila often ……………….(speak) English.
7. Mr. and Mrs. Bob always……………….(eat dinner) at 8 p.m.
8. Mrs. Helena always ………......(go) to her office on time.
9. Paullina……………….(do) exercises on Sundays.
10. Peter ….. ….…(watch) TV everynight.
11. Rose always……………….(get) up early.
12. Sam……………….(ride) the bus to school.
13. She ……….. (speak) three languages.
14. She ………………..(go) to bed after midnight.
15. Shita always…………….(wash) her face everyday.
16. That man always…………….(pay) his bills on time.
17. That woman.……….…....(look after) her parents patiently.
18. The students…………….(eat) lunch at the cafeteria.
19. The sun ……………...(rise) in the east.
20. They………………….(watch) TV every night.
21. This mountain ………...(be) very tall. 
22. Tina Sunnata is a teacher. She ……….……(teach) English every Thursday and Monday.
23. Veronica ……….…..(visit) Indonesia every year.
24. We ………………….(brush) our teeth everyday.
25. We never………….(go) to bed early.

3. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Simple Present Tense. (Letakkan kata kerja dalam kurung ke dalam Simple Present Tense). 

1. Every year Mr.Tavarez ……………(visit) Indonesia.
2. Helen always ……………(go) to her campus on time.
3. Jenny always……………………. (wear) nice clothes.
4. Mother.……………....(look after) (mengasuh) her children patiently.
5. Mr. Broto…….….….…(smoke) twenty cigarettes (rokok) everyday.
6. Peter ….. ……………..…(watch) TV everynight.
7. Rose ……………….(speak) five languages.
8. Rivers…… ….. (be) useful.
9. The sun (rise) in the east.
10. Tina is a teacher. She …………(teach) English every Thursday and Monday.

Underline the verbs in the texts below that show Time in the Simple Present Tense (Garis bawahi kata kerja yang menunjukkan waktu dalam Simple Present Tense). 

TEXT-1

My day usually begins at four thirty. I get up and do our praying for about fifteen minutes. Then I do some exercises. Then I take my shower. After my shower, I get dressed and have breakfast. My breakfast consists of rice, fried eggs,and milk. At six fifteen I leave for school.

I usually go to school by motorcycle, but sometimes I take the bus to school. I walk two hundred meters to catch the bus. It takes ten minutes to get my school from my home. My school starts at 07.00 a.m. and finishes at 01.00 p.m.

I usually reach my home at around at 01.15. When I get home I watch TV for a while. Then I review my lessons and take a nap for a moment. Then I get up. After that I do my homework. I have dinner at 08.00 p.m. After that I study and prepare my lessons for tomorrow before I go to bed. Usually I go to bed at 10.00 o’clock

TEXT-2

A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. The provision of basic accommodation, in times past, consisting only of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand has largely been replaced by rooms with modern facilities, including en-suite bathrooms and air conditioning or climate control. Additional common features found in hotel rooms are a telephone, an alarm clock, a television, and Internet connectivity; snack foods and drinks may be supplied in a mini-bar, and facilities for making hot drinks. Larger hotels may provide a number of additional guest facilities such as a restaurant, a swimming pool or childcare, and have conference and social function services.

Some hotels offer meals as part of a room and board arrangement. In the United Kingdom, a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all guests within certain stated hours; to avoid this requirement it is not uncommon to come across private hotels which are not subject to this requirement. In Japan, capsule hotels provide a minimized amount of room space and shared facilities.

TEXT-3

Rita   : What do you do , Keiko?

Keiko : I’m a lawyer.

Rita   : Really/ Tell me about your family.

Keiko : Well, I’m married and have two children.

Rita   : And what does your husband do?

Keiko : He has an export business.

Rita   : Oh. that’s interesting.

Keiko : And how about you, Rita?

Do you have any brothers and sisters?

Rita   : Yes, I have a brother and a sister.

Keiko : Really? And what do they do?

Rita   : Well, my brother teaches French, and my sister drives a taxi.

Keiko  : No kidding.

TEXT-4

Pennsylvania’s largest city, Philadelpdia or the ‘City of brotherly Love ,”is also the birthplace of the nation. In 1776, representatives from the 13 British colonies signet the Declaration of Independence here, and the city served as an early capital of the fledgling. United States. Since its founding by English Quaker William Penn in the late17th century,

Philadelphia’s port on the Delaware River has welcomed thousands of immigrants from all over the world.  Their labor strengthened the expanding city through two centuries of industrial growth, wars, and economic reversals. Even today, the city’s neighborhoods and restaurants reflect this ethnic mix. 

Philadelphia’s rich history, world -class art collections, special- interest museums, fine restaurants and hotels, and the nation’s largest landscaped public park combine to make the city one of American’s most popular destinations.

TEXT-5

Supporters of medical treatment argue that medicine should be trusted since it is effective and scientifically proven. They say that there is no need for spiritual methods such as Reiki, Yoga, Tai Chi. These waste our time, something which is quite precious in our material world. There is medicine that can kill our pain, x-rays that show us our fractured bones or MRI that scans our brain for tumors. We must admit that these methods are very effective in the examples that they provide. However, there are some “every day complaints” such as back pains, headaches, insomnia, which are treated currently with medicine. When you have a headache, you take an Aspirin, or Vermidon, when you cannot sleep, you take Xanax without thinking of the side effects of these. When you use these pills for a long period, you become addicted to them; you cannot sleep without them. We pay huge amounts of money and become addicted instead of getting better. How about a safer and more economical way of healing? When doing Reiki to yourself, you do not need anything except your energy so it is very economical. As for its history, it was discovered in Japan in the early 1900s and its popularity has spread particularly throughout America and Western Europe. In quantum physics, energy is recognized as the fundamental substance of which the universe is composed. Reiki depends on the energy within our bodies. It is a simple and effective way of restoring the energy flow. There are no side effects and it is scientifically explained. 

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